I just finished Amity Shlaes “Forgotten Man.” If you only have time for one book on the Depression I would recommend Jim Powell’s “FDR’s Folly: How Roosevelt and His New Deal Prolonged the Great Depression.” Still Shlaes book is quite good and comes to many of the same conclusions, even if she is far more gentle and circumspect in reaching them than Powell.
On Roosevelt and the New Deal Shlaes notes
1.) His and its irregularity and inconsistency
Roosevelt was all over the place on the exchange rate and the value of the dollar in relation to gold.
This suppressed the Markets because the one thing that Markets need is some kind of constancy on which to plan and anticipate. Capital will not flow to where it is unsure of what the rules are on potential return.
2.) His and its meanness and willingness to destroy people to succeed
Roosevelt went after such luminaries as Samuel Insull and Andrew Mellon as well as commoners like the Schechter Brothers. Mellon was unsuccessfuly prosecuted because he didn’t pay taxes he didn’t owe. Insull was unsuccessfully prosecuted for stock fraud. Both were being pursued in a manner where they were being proscecuted for violating laws that weren’t laws when they did what they did. Both were proscecuted in order to give legitimacy to the New Deal as it sought to create class envy. The charges were completely political and contrived in order to detract attention from the Roosevelt administrations failures.
In the Schechter case New Deal Feds sought to destroy the Schecter brothers because they wouldn’t follow the NRA rules for pricing. Most of the people who lived through that time are dead and Americans don’t realize how heavy handed and jack booted the NRA (Blue Eagle) program was. The Schechter’s lost all the way until they reached the SCOTUS, but the SCOTUS turned back the NRA as the Schechter’s chicken business defeated the Feds Blue Eagle.
Similarly, Shlaes tells the story of Roosevelt’s attempt to pack the Supreme court all because the Supreme court wouldn’t bend to Roosevelt’s socialist will. Roosevelt acolytes published books tarnishing the reputation of the justices.
3.) His and its roots in communism
Shlaes goes out of her way to communicate that significant members of Roosevelt’s brain trust were infatuated with the Soviet model. Several of them in their youth had visited the Soviet Union and had met high ranking communist officials. Shlaes contends that they weren’t communists in the classical Soviet sense but they were beholden to collectivist concepts.
4.) His and its vote buying
The whole New Deal was simply about passing out government largesse in order to buy votes in order to build a constituency. It was the time in history when people finally realized they could vote themselves enrichment at other people’s expense. Roosevelt’s legislation on the Wagner act was bascially a wealth transfer from business to unions and created a Union voting block that still swings Democrat. Rooselvelt’s attention to Farmers with legislation providing vast subsidies to farmers put farmers in the Democrat camp. Roosevelt combined in this coalition the black vote. Roosevelt and the New Deal mastered the art of being elected on the basis of group interests. The New Deal was nothing but Machine politics at the Federal level.
5.) His and its waste in time of poverty
Shlaes tells the well known stories of the Roosevelt administration slaughtering six million pigs without sending them to market simply for the sake of keeping prices artificially high for farmers and of plowing under millions of acres of crops for the same reason.
Shlaes tells the story of the TVA doing a good job of reminding the reader that the success of the TVA was at the expence of private utilities. She could have done better at reminding the reader of the price the rest of America paid in order that TVA could sell cheap electricity. (It does come out but it is done rather slyly.) The Government with an almost inexhaustible supply of money from taxpayers became a competitor to private utilities.
Similarly Shlaes tells the story of the failure of other of Roosevelt’s “ABC” legislation.
Shlaes delights us with a chapter committed to telling the story of the National Art Gallery. She may have done so in order to remind American’s of the great soul of Anderw Mellon who was pilloried by the Roosevelt administration. The National Art Gallery was a gift of Mellon to the American Public. It was completely paid for out of his donation. Shlaes take is that Mellon did this in order to communicate that the real advantage to the American public was not to be found in Government programs but rather in private philanthropy. This chapter is worth the price of Shlaes book. It made me want to run out and book a flight to Washington in order to see Mellon’s bequest.
Shlaes spends a good deal of time telling us the story and life of Rex Tugwell (one of Roosevelt’s brain trust) Wendell Wilkie (the Democrat who ran as a Republican against Roosevelt in 1940), Andrew Mellon, Samuel Insull and of other forgotten characters who were affected by or were part of the New Deal.
Shlaes book is not an advertisement for government involvement. People who want to get ready for the Obama administration should read it to get ready for another Rooseveltian attempt to bring socialism to America. I perfectly
expect that Obama will attempt very similar things as FDR did.